Question 1

Carotenoid consumption may reduce the risk of

Accepted Answer

A)  acne.
B)  cataracts.
C)  cirrhosis.
D)  eczema.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 2

Retinol activity equivalents (RAE) take into account the activity of provitamin A carotenoids and ______ found in foods.

Accepted Answer

A)  preformed vitamin A
B)  cysteine
C)  lutein and zeaxanthin
D)  None of these are correct.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 3

To bolster immune function,evidence supports

Accepted Answer

A)  consuming 5 to 9 servings of a variety of fruits and vegetables per day.
B)  consuming a variety of nuts and seeds.
C)  megadoses of vitamin C
D)  All of these are correct.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Which of the following is the best source of preformed vitamin A?

Accepted Answer

A)  Liver
B)  Broccoli
C)  Pork chop
D)  Chicken breastE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Free radical damage has been implicated in increasing the risk of

Accepted Answer

A)  sinus infections.
B)  HIV.
C)  heart disease.
D)  sickle cell disease.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above C

Question 6

Deficiency symptoms of pinpoint hemorrhages under the skin,bleeding gums,and joint pain are related to the role of vitamin C in

Accepted Answer

A)  carnitine synthesis.
B)  collagen synthesis.
C)  antioxidant reactions.
D)  neurotransmitter synthesis.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above B

Question 7

Scurvy can be prevented with adequate intakes of

Accepted Answer

A)  niacin.
B)  riboflavin.
C)  vitamin C
D)  thiamin.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 8

Which of the following accurately describes innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Physical and chemical defenses that keep foreign substances out of the body
B)  Specific to the pathogen that is in the system
C)  Develops over time;effective after repeated exposures
D)  Second line of defense from infections after adaptive immunityE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Vitamin E deficiency is least likely among

Accepted Answer

A)  those who follow a vegetarian diet.
B)  those who smoke cigarettes.
C)  premature infants.
D)  those with fat malabsorption.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Vitamin E is thought to be helpful in the prevention of heart disease because it

Accepted Answer

A)  enhances vitamin K activity.
B)  prevents oxidation of LDL cholesterol.
C)  relaxes blood vessel walls.
D)  prevents sodium retention.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Food processing

Accepted Answer

A)  enhances vitamin E absorption from foods.
B)  increases vitamin E content of foods.
C)  decreases vitamin E content of foods.
D)  has no effect on vitamin E in foods because it is a stable compound.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Anya is undergoing treatment for cancer and suffers from nausea and mouth sores,which are hindering her food intake.Which of the following meals would you recommend?

Accepted Answer

A)  Toast with jam,a soft-boiled egg,and milk
B)  Bacon,fried eggs,and orange juice
C)  Pancakes,a hard boiled egg,and apple juice
D)  Spaghetti with meat sauce,garlic bread,and a soft drinkE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Selenium does not play a role in

Accepted Answer

A)  immune function.
B)  thyroid function.
C)  regulation of fluid status.
D)  glutathione peroxidase activity.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

The process by which some types of white blood cells are able to engulf and destroy foreign particles is

Accepted Answer

A)  erythropoiesis.
B)  antibody-mediated immunity.
C)  homeostasis.
D)  phagocytosis.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Phagocytosis is one form of

Accepted Answer

A)  cell-mediated immunity.
B)  gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
C)  antimicrobial enzyme.
D)  antibody-mediated immunity.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 16

Antioxidant nutrients support immune function because

Accepted Answer

A)  white blood cells are rapidly turned over.
B)  vitamin C,vitamin E,and selenium are toxic to pathogens.
C)  immune cells transport oxygen.
D)  they protect white blood cells from being damaged by oxidative reactions that destroy pathogens.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

The main form of vitamin E in the body is

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha-tocopherol.
B)  gamma-tocopherol.
C)  beta-tocopherol.
D)  delta-tocopherol.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 18

The ______ is an organ of the immune system that removes dead and damaged cells from the bloodstream.

Accepted Answer

A)  spleen.
B)  thymus.
C)  kidney.
D)  liver.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above A

Question 19

Research evidence shows that vitamin C supplements

Accepted Answer

A)  reduce the duration of the common cold.
B)  worsen the severity of symptoms of the common cold.
C)  suppress the immune response to the common cold.
D)  prevent the common cold.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 20

In green vegetables,such as broccoli,the orange pigments of provitamin A carotenoids are masked by

Accepted Answer

A)  lycopene.
B)  chlorophyll.
C)  lutein.
D)  anthocyanin.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Exam 10: Nutrients Involved in Body Defenses

Carotenoid consumption may reduce the risk of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Retinol activity equivalents (RAE) take into account the activity of provitamin A carotenoids and ______ found in foods.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To bolster immune function,evidence supports

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the best source of preformed vitamin A?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Free radical damage has been implicated in increasing the risk of

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Deficiency symptoms of pinpoint hemorrhages under the skin,bleeding gums,and joint pain are related to the role of vitamin C in

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Scurvy can be prevented with adequate intakes of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following accurately describes innate immunity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vitamin E deficiency is least likely among

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vitamin E is thought to be helpful in the prevention of heart disease because it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Food processing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Anya is undergoing treatment for cancer and suffers from nausea and mouth sores,which are hindering her food intake.Which of the following meals would you recommend?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Selenium does not play a role in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process by which some types of white blood cells are able to engulf and destroy foreign particles is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phagocytosis is one form of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antioxidant nutrients support immune function because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main form of vitamin E in the body is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ______ is an organ of the immune system that removes dead and damaged cells from the bloodstream.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Research evidence shows that vitamin C supplements

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In green vegetables,such as broccoli,the orange pigments of provitamin A carotenoids are masked by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified