Question 1

Women in America obtained the right to vote in national elections in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  1790
B)  1865
C)  1890
D)  1920
E)  1974F) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 2

held that racial segregation in schools violated the

Accepted Answer

A)  due process clause of the Fifth Amendment.
B)  due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
C)  equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
D)  Civil Rights Act.
E)  establishment clause of the First Amendment.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

Today,women currently hold about ________ of the seats in Congress.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 in 4
B)  1 in 6
C)  1 in 5
D)  1 in 10
E)  1 in 15F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Which region of the world has the highest proportion of women serving in its national legislatures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Scandinavia
B)  Latin America
C)  North America
D)  East Asia
E)  Central EuropeF) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 5

One reason that affirmative action is so controversial is that

Accepted Answer

A)  since the 1980s the Supreme Court has imposed it on the American public despite congressional attempts to end it.
B)  most Americans admit that they oppose programs that ensure equal treatment for minorities.
C)  it is applied only to private businesses and schools,not to government programs and institutions.
D)  the Supreme Court has repeatedly declared it unconstitutional both in principle and in practice.
E)  it is viewed as giving preferential treatment,which is unpopular,instead of simply ensuring equal treatment.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 6

The policy of affirmative action arose when

Accepted Answer

A)  it became apparent that disadvantaged Americans would not attain equal employment opportunities through lawsuits that benefited single individuals only.
B)  the Supreme Court declared in Bakke that the Fourteenth Amendment requires government and large firms to hire more women and minorities.
C)  the Supreme Court ruled that de facto discrimination is unlawful.
D)  private firms decided on their own that a more diverse workforce was actually a more productive and effective workforce.
E)  the Supreme Court rendered its Adarand v.Pena decision in 1995.F) None of the above
G) All of the above

Question 7

,the Supreme Court ruled that

Accepted Answer

A)  strict racial quotas were a valid means of ensuring racial diversity on college campuses.
B)  private colleges could refuse to admit prospective students on the basis of sexual orientation.
C)  male-only admissions policies at state-supported military academies were unconstitutional.
D)  because female instructors created an undue distraction at all-male universities,the schools in question could discriminate against women in their hiring practices.
E)  colleges affiliated with a particular religion could not take the religious persuasion of job candidates into consideration during the hiring process.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Which of the following is true of discrimination against the disabled in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Americans with Disabilities Act grants protections to the disabled only in the employment sphere.
B)  Congress passed the Americans with Disabilities Act in 1975.
C)  Before 1975,four million children with disabilities were getting either no education or an inappropriate one.
D)  Through the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975,Congress required that schools receiving federal funding provide all children,however severe their disability,with a free and appropriate education.
E)  Discrimination against the disabled is among the forms of discrimination prohibited by the Constitution,but has also been strengthened through statutes.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 9

What is equality of result? What relation does it have to de facto and de jure discrimination?

Accepted Answer

Equality of result is the aim of policie...

Question 10

One example of a policy that aimed chiefly to overcome de facto discrimination is

Accepted Answer

A)  the Equal Rights Amendment.
B)  the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
C)  busing to achieve racial integration in the schools.
D)  the Brown v.Board of Education of Topeka,Kansas ruling.
E)  the Fourteenth Amendment.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 11

Culminating in a historic victory in 1954,black activists in the early twentieth century generally pursued civil rights through

Accepted Answer

A)  legal action.
B)  legislative action.
C)  pressure for presidential decree.
D)  bureaucratic action.
E)  campaigning through mass media.F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  About one in three single-parent families that are headed by women live below the poverty line.
B)  The 1993 Family and Medical Leave Act represented a setback for women by reducing the amount of guaranteed benefits that new mothers receive.
C)  Recent Supreme Court decisions have made it harder for employees to sue an organization that retaliates against them for filing a sexual harassment complaint.
D)  There are generally fewer single-parent families headed by women below the poverty line than two-parent families below the poverty line.
E)  The "feminization of poverty" describes the phenomenon of greater government protection for women below the poverty line than men.F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

The modern civil rights movement had a peak moment with the March on Washington in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  1954
B)  1960
C)  1963
D)  1968
E)  1973F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 14

With regard to affirmative action,the Supreme Court in recent years has

Accepted Answer

A)  moved to outlaw it.
B)  moved to narrow its application.
C)  asked Congress to clarify the policy.
D)  asked the president to clarify the policy.
E)  asked the state legislatures to clarify the policy.F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 15

When the United States first came into being,married women were not permitted to

Accepted Answer

A)  vote.
B)  hold office.
C)  serve on juries.
D)  own and dispense property without the husband's consent.
E)  All these answers are correct.F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 16

What is the equal protection clause? What three tests are associated with discrimination in law?

Accepted Answer

The equal protection clause is part of t...

Question 17

Which one of the following occurred after the Brown decision?

Accepted Answer

A)  Civil Rights Act of 1964
B)  Voting Rights Act of 1965
C)  1957 Little Rock riots
D)  "I have a dream" speech
E)  All these answers are correct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

The Supreme Court halted the general use of quotas in the granting of federal contracts in the 1995 case of

Accepted Answer

A)  Adarand v.Pena.
B)  Fullilove v.Klutznick.
C)  Craig v.Boren.
D)  Rostker v.Goldberg.
E)  United States v.Virginia.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

Equality of result policies are primarily directed at ________ discriminatory effects.

Accepted Answer

A)  de jure
B)  de facto
C)  religious
D)  gender
E)  due processF) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Any law that attempts a racial or ethnic classification is subject to the

Accepted Answer

A)  reasonable basis test.
B)  strict scrutiny test.
C)  intermediate scrutiny test.
D)  precedent basis test.
E)  suspect classification test.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Exam 5: Equal Rights: Struggling Toward Fairness

One example of a policy that aimed chiefly to overcome de facto discrimination is

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Which one of the following occurred after the Brown decision?

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What is the equal protection clause? What three tests are associated with discrimination in law?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe equal protection clause is part of t...View AnswerShow Answer

held that racial segregation in schools violated the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Any law that attempts a racial or ethnic classification is subject to the

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When the United States first came into being,married women were not permitted to

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,the Supreme Court ruled that

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Women in America obtained the right to vote in national elections in ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The modern civil rights movement had a peak moment with the March on Washington in ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is equality of result? What relation does it have to de facto and de jure discrimination?

Correct AnswerverifiedEquality of result is the aim of policie...View AnswerShow Answer

With regard to affirmative action,the Supreme Court in recent years has

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Which of the following is true of discrimination against the disabled in the United States?

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One reason that affirmative action is so controversial is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Supreme Court halted the general use of quotas in the granting of federal contracts in the 1995 case of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Culminating in a historic victory in 1954,black activists in the early twentieth century generally pursued civil rights through

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which region of the world has the highest proportion of women serving in its national legislatures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Equality of result policies are primarily directed at ________ discriminatory effects.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Today,women currently hold about ________ of the seats in Congress.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The policy of affirmative action arose when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The equal protection clause is part of t...
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Equality of result is the aim of policie...
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